Biotechnology for Zero Waste – Emerging Waste Management Techniques (Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain (editor) etc.)

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Edible Coatings and Films from Agricultural and Marine

Food Wastes

C. Naga Deepika¹, Murlidhar Meghwal¹, Pramod K. Prabhakar¹, Anurag

Singh¹, Rekha Rani², and Ravi Kumar Kadeppagari³

1Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and

Management Kundli, 131028, Sonipat, Haryana, India

2Department of Dairy Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences,

Warner College of Dairy Technology, Prayagraj 211007, India

3Department of Food Technology, Centre for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy, Jyothy

Institute of Technology, Thathaguni Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560082, India

35.1

Introduction

Utilization of petroleum-based polymers like plastics (polyesters, polyolefins,

and so on) has been increased progressively as a packaging material, because of

their accessibility in huge amounts easily and ideal useful attributes such as good

mechanical strength and great barrier properties. But, they lack good water vapor

transmission rate [1]. Being non-biodegradable, these are causing environmental

pollution. Among all the commercial sectors, food manufacturers need a lot of

packaging material and that too it should be food grade and should improve

the product shelf life and stability [2]. In recent times, conventional plastic is

replaced with packaging films, which are biodegradable and compatible with the

environment [3]. Along with this, consumer interest in nutrition, health, and the

long shelf life will contribute to the development of edible coatings and films.

A thin layer that is applied as a coating on the surface of the food is called edible

coating and when it got placed in between the food and the surrounding environ-

ment is called edible film [4]. The chemical composition of both the film and coating

is same, the only difference is the thickness. A special attention devoted to the chem-

icals isolated from the food processing industrial wastes, and plastics obtained from

these resources can be used as an alternative to the petroleum-based plastic packag-

ing materials [5].

Fruits and vegetables are the part of the human’s daily diet as these are rich

in antioxidants, nutrients, and fibers. The edible portions of fruits and vegetables

are consumed, whereas the seeds and peels are thrown out as the food waste. The

wastes obtained during postharvest, distribution and processing stages are called

agri-wastes [6]. Marine-based processing industries produce a lot of animal wastes

Biotechnology for Zero Waste: Emerging Waste Management Techniques, First Edition.

Edited by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and Ravi Kumar Kadeppagari.